RBI modernises 1969 banking framework with CD ratio benchmarks and district accountability

The Reserve Bank of India has released draft guidelines overhauling the district-level banking framework that has remained largely unchanged since 1969. The revamp targets four structural shifts: clearer accountability between State Level Bankers' Committees (SLBCs) and Lead District Managers (LDMs), a shift from top-down to bottom-up credit planning at block level, a 60% Credit-Deposit ratio benchmark for rural and semi-urban branches, and a 40% CD ratio intervention threshold that triggers mandatory action.

The 60% CD ratio is positioned as the gold standard for inclusive growth, ensuring regional deposits flow back into local credit. This moves away from arbitrary targets and ties capital deployment directly to local absorption capacity. Banks falling below a 40% CD ratio in any district will now face structured oversight.

The accountability framework eliminates what the guidelines describe as the 'responsibility gap' in financial inclusion. By delineating roles between SLBCs and LDMs, the RBI is clarifying who owns district-level outcomes. Separately, block-level credit planning replaces centralised estimates with granular, demand-based forecasting.